{"id":41757,"date":"2016-11-23T11:59:45","date_gmt":"2016-11-23T10:59:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www2.polyas.de\/ct_content_page_2\/vote-count-proportional-representation"},"modified":"2024-04-29T19:28:13","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T17:28:13","slug":"vote-count-proportional-representation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.polyas.com\/election-administration\/vote-count-proportional-representation","title":{"rendered":"Vote Counting in Proportional Representation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div  class='flex_column av-2h0g7x4-de4ae1467e542757120a2c90fb2718d7 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1aizrzs-c9fd41ca87af933e2090511387a49d03\">\n.avia-image-container.av-1aizrzs-c9fd41ca87af933e2090511387a49d03 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-1aizrzs-c9fd41ca87af933e2090511387a49d03 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-1aizrzs-c9fd41ca87af933e2090511387a49d03 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image- avia-img-lazy-loading-not- avia_image ' src=\"https:\/\/www.polyas.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/polyas_election-administration_0.jpg\" alt='' title=''   itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ltsofnzg-e00b2b2a0be9be2e3c09c71bd36eb6b0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>Vote Counting in Proportional Representation<\/h1>\n<p>You&#8217;re electing a new board of directors for your <a href=\"\/cooperatives\">cooperative<\/a> or association?&nbsp;Or perhaps a new university committee?&nbsp;No matter which sort of committee you&#8217;re&nbsp;electing, choosing the appropriate electoral system&nbsp;is crucial&nbsp;for a successful election. First of all&nbsp;you&#8217;ll have&nbsp;to decide whether&nbsp;you&#8217;re&nbsp;holding&nbsp;a candidate election or a party&nbsp;<a href=\"\/election-glossary\/list-elections\">list election<\/a>. Another important question is the vote counting method: <a href=\"\/election-glossary\/majority-vote\">majority vote<\/a> (e.g. <a href=\"\/election-glossary\/first-past-the-post\">first-past-the-post<\/a>)&nbsp;or <a href=\"\/election-glossary\/proportional-vote\">proportional representation<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A&nbsp;<a href=\"\/election-glossary\/majority-vote\">majority vote system<\/a>&nbsp;is more suitable for a direct candidate election, whereas <a href=\"\/election-glossary\/proportional-vote\">proportional representation<\/a> is best used&nbsp;in a party list election.&nbsp;Proportional representation is especially democratic because, by allocating seats based on&nbsp;the proportion of votes received by each party, each and every vote counts. Under&nbsp;this vote counting method, the will of the electorate&nbsp;is well represented by the final allocation of seats. Additionally, minorities are afforded the&nbsp;opportunity&nbsp;to participate through proportional representation by having electoral lists. Proportional representation is particularly advantageous if a certain number of voter groups and eligible voters are involved.<\/p>\n<p>In a proportional representation election, you can choose between different calculating methods when allocating seats. Below we&#8217;ll&nbsp;explain the most commonly used vote counting procedures.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ltymfqmc-a7e66dfd12d3c3a0f73a2f3629a0358f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Vote counting methods in proportional representation<\/h2>\n<p><strong>D\u2019Hondt highest averages method<\/strong><br \/>\nMany electoral codes&nbsp;use the d\u2019Hondt highest averages method. It&#8217;s a commonly used method in which&nbsp;the first seat is allocated to the party&nbsp;with the highest number of votes, then all remaining seats are allocated based on a series of calculations.<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/election-glossary\/dhondt\">Click here for&nbsp;a detailed explanation of the d\u2019Hondt highest averages method!&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>The Webster or&nbsp;Sainte-Lagu\u00eb\/Schepers-method<\/strong><br \/>\nUnder&nbsp;the Webster method (also called Sainte-Lagu\u00eb\/Schepers), the allocation of seats is determined using&nbsp;a&nbsp;divisor for the separate lists. If you want to increase the chances of&nbsp;particularly small groups&nbsp;gaining seats, then this method is particularly&nbsp;democratic.<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/election-glossary\/webster-method\">Learn more about how the Webster method works here!&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>The Hare-Niemeyer-method<\/strong><br \/>\nUntil 2008, the Hare-Niemeyer-method was the most commonly used vote counting&nbsp;system. Smaller parties, groups or less popular candidates are better represented using this method. The allocation of seats according to Hare-Niemeyer is also called the \u201cQuota-Method\u201d, or largest remainder method,<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>and calculates the remaining seats by using decimal places.<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/election-glossary\/hare-niemeyer\">Here you can read up on the Hare-Niemeyer-method and see an example&nbsp;calculation!&nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ltymg7xp-b78053bb5458bc6df78350d079a20a72 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Proportional representation: vote counting<\/h2>\n<p>After learning about the various vote counting possibilities, we explain how to apply proportional representation to party list and candidate elections.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Proportional representation: vote counting in a candidate election<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The first question you should ask yourself is how many seats are up for election. If just one seat needs&nbsp;to be filled, then a majority vote is recommended. In general, candidate elections tend to function&nbsp;better under majority voting&nbsp;rather than proportional representation.<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/election-administration\/vote-count-majority-vote\">Read more about majority voting&nbsp;in candidate elections.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>If more than one seat is&nbsp;up for election, you&#8217;ll need to determine&nbsp;the number of available votes per voter&nbsp;\/ for different voter groups. As soon as all valid votes are tallied, you can allocate the seats with your chosen vote counting method. Moreover, vote counting in proportional representation can get more complicated if you, for example, decide on using <em>cumulative&nbsp;voting<\/em>.<br \/>\nSave time and money&nbsp;in the&nbsp;vote counting process by holding&nbsp;your&nbsp;next election online. <a href=\"\/request-demo\">Our election experts can advise you on all the&nbsp;details!<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Proportional representation: vote counting in a list election<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>If you would like to conduct a party list election, you can choose between a <u>closed<\/u> and an <u>open list election<\/u>.<br \/>\nIn a <u>closed list election<\/u>, voters have one vote and vote for an entire electoral list. The candidate order on the electoral list is pre-decided so that the voter has no direct influence over which candidate receives a seat. The first candidate on&nbsp;the electoral list is therefore more likely to gain a seat than&nbsp;candidates towards&nbsp;the lower part of the list.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A variant of the closed list election is the <u>combined election<\/u>, where the voter can first decide on an electoral list and then do a preference vote. In this form of voting, the order of candidates is not important for the allocation of seats, but rather the number of votes received by each candidate on the list.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you choose an <u>open list election<\/u>, voters are not bound to one electoral list but can allocate their votes to candidates from different electoral lists. This procedure is also called <em>panachage<\/em>. As soon as the voter votes for one candidate, the corresponding&nbsp;electoral list automatically receives a vote as well.<br \/>\nAll varieties of list elections include the possibility of <em>cumulative voting<\/em>, meaning&nbsp;a preferred candidate can be given&nbsp;more than one vote by each voter.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>After the election&nbsp;the proportion of votes in the different lists is calculated using&nbsp;the chosen vote counting method, and the seats are allocated to the candidates and different lists.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ltzjiloq-ca07d89252e665da6549c35602240f27\">\n.av_promobox.av-ltzjiloq-ca07d89252e665da6549c35602240f27{\ncolor:#000000;\nbackground:#e8f8f8;\nborder-color:#ededed;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av_promobox av-ltzjiloq-ca07d89252e665da6549c35602240f27 avia-button-no'><div class='avia-promocontent'><p>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-46677 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/www.polyas.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Bildschirmfoto-2024-03-20-um-09.15.04-80x80.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"80\" height=\"80\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.polyas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Bildschirmfoto-2024-03-20-um-09.15.04-80x80.png 80w, https:\/\/www.polyas.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/Bildschirmfoto-2024-03-20-um-09.15.04-36x36.png 36w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 80px) 100vw, 80px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>POLYAS-Tip: <\/strong>POLYAS online voting software legally counts your votes in seconds. The election results can be downloaded and used to correctly allocate&nbsp;seats. <a href=\"\/help\">Learn about all functions in our POLYAS online voting support center &gt;<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><br \/>\n       <section  class='av_textblock_section av-wz0wl4-34aab32a2d0f1ae4906b93362ed1f18e '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2>Advantages of online proportional representation<\/h2>\n<p>With POLYAS&nbsp;you can conduct legally valid&nbsp;online elections and decrease&nbsp;organizational costs&nbsp;in proportional representation elections. You won&#8217;t&nbsp;have to count&nbsp;ballots manually in order&nbsp;to calculate the vote proportion &#8211; you&#8217;ll&nbsp;receive counted ballots with just&nbsp;one click. Additionally, you&#8217;ll benefit from useful features in an online election: you&#8217;ll be able to view&nbsp;<a href=\"\/features\/real-time-voter-turnout\">voter turnout in real time<\/a> and send <a href=\"\/increase-voter-turnout\/voting-reminders\">voting reminders<\/a>&nbsp;to <a href=\"\/increase-voter-turnout\">increase&nbsp;voter turnout<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Combine voting procedures according to the needs of your voters:&nbsp;Your voters can vote via <a href=\"\/postal-voting\">postal vote<\/a>, conveniently <a href=\"\/cast-vote-online\">online<\/a> from home or do <a href=\"\/live-voting\/advantages\">live voting<\/a> at the annual meeting.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div> <div  class='flex_column av-1nz9rg8-75c54a224fb808df4d271da46d3d88ea av_one_third  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lu9i2vcx-f98b442447e01de64a594721f37db094\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-lu9i2vcx-f98b442447e01de64a594721f37db094{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-lu9i2vcx-f98b442447e01de64a594721f37db094 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-7  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ltym5gx4-4b5d2bf9f8cb84828b4c30d830082a87 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock cnt2_sidemenu1'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><strong>Topics<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\">Election Administration<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/calendar\">Election Administration: Election Calendar<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/voting-procedure\">Election Administration: Voting Procedure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/election-spending\">Election Administration: Election Spending<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/candidates\">Election Administration: Election Candidates<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/electoral-roll\">Election Administration: Electoral Roll<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/risks\">Election Administration: Risks in Elections<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/stakeholder\">Election Administration: Involve Stakeholders<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/legal\">Election Administration: Legal Requirements<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-administration\/vote-count-majority-vote\">Vote Counting in a Majority Vote System<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-13shxaw-70ecde758ef09bd32c279342ccec690e hr-default  avia-builder-el-9  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lu9idg7z-bf603fd1ba39051b13a329fc88d83331 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock cnt2_sidemenu2'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><strong>Further information<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/increase-voter-turnout\">How to Increase Voter Turnout in your Election<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/election-glossary\">POLYAS Election Glossary<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p>\n<p><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":75,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[9568],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41757","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-allgemein-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.2 (Yoast SEO v25.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Vote Counting in Proportional Representation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn more about proportional representation and vote counting methods. 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